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Menopause and
Post-menopause

Menopause starts 12 months after the last menstrual period. Leading up to menopause women can face irregular menstrual cycles, hot flushes and sleeplessness.

During or after menopause women can face a variety of issues such as hot flushes, vaginal dryness, urinary issues, mood swings, concentration issues, osteoporosis (bone loss) etc.

Talk to your doctor today about how they can help you during this transitionary phase in your life.

Hot Flushes

About 75% of women experience hot flushes leading up to menopause and usually 1-2 years after. Hot flushes can cause disruption during the day and affect sleep.

Oestrogen therapy (hormonal tablets) can help with extreme hot flushes and sleep disturbances due to this. In women who cannot take oestrogen therapy, progesterone only therapy can be used as well.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) also are effective in relieving hot flushes.

Vaginal Dryness and Urinary Issues

It is common for women to experience vaginal dryness (which can cause discomfort during sexual intercourse), genital itching and painful and frequent urination.

Oestrogen therapy (hormonal tablets) can help.

Another option is a topical (local) insertion of oestrogen cream or tablet (pessary) into the vagina. This needs to be applied 1-3 times per week.

Lubrication can help with discomfort felt during sexual intercourse

Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a result of bone loss and reduces bone strength. Women are at higher risk of osteoporosis due to the decrease in oestrogen.

Other risk factors include, age, Asian or Caucasian race, family history, smally body frame, previous fracture, early menopause.

Women can help lower their risk of osteoporosis by taking 400-800 IU of Vitamin D daily with 1000-1500mg of calcium. Regular exercise and stopping smoking also lowers the risk.

Women who are 65 years old or older are encouraged to do a Bone Mineral Density (BMD) scan. Women who are 64 years old or younger may be advised to do a BMD as recommended by their doctor if they have other risk factors.

Osteoporosis can be treated and prevented with medication such as bisphosphonates.

Mood Changes

Many women will experience increased irritability, mood swings and up to 1 in 5 women have depression at some point during menopause.

Mood can be affected due to the fluctuation in hormones and declining oestrogen levels

Talk to your doctor if you notice you have low mood, lack of energy and/or lack of interest for more than 2 weeks.

Concentration can also be affected for a variety of issues such as hormonal changes and interrupted sleep patterns. If you notice you or your loved one is having memory lapses, confusion and/or concentration issues please talk to you doctor.

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